Methods and systems for extraction of materials from skin

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for treating skin has a console with a user input device and a handpiece assembly. The handpiece assembly is configured to treat skin. A fluid line provides fluid communication between the console and the handpiece assembly. A manifold system is coupled to the console and controlled by the user input device. The manifold system is configured to hold releasably a plurality of fluid sources and deliver fluid from at least one of the plurality of fluid sources to the handpiece assembly.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/267,554,filed Oct. 6, 2011, which is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/392,348, filed Mar. 29, 2006, which claims the benefit ofU.S. Provisional Application No. 60/755,310, filed Dec. 30, 2005 andU.S. Provisional Application No. 60/764,668, filed Feb. 2, 2006, theentireties of all of the aforementioned applications are herebyincorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

Field

The invention relates in general to the field of skin treatment, andmore specifically to apparatuses and methods for treating a person'sskin.

Description of the Related Art

Abrasion of the outer layer or epidermis of the skin is desirable tosmooth or blend scars, blemishes, or other skin conditions that may becaused by, for example, acne, sun exposure, and aging. Standardtechniques used to abrade the skin have generally been separated intotwo fields referred to as dermabrasion and microdermabrasion. Bothtechniques remove portions of the epidermis called the stratum corneum,which the body interprets as a mild injury. The body then replaces thelost skin cells, resulting in a new outer layer of skin. Additionally,despite the mild edema and erythema associated with the procedures, theskin looks and feels smoother because of the new outer layer of skin.

Dermabrasion refers to a procedure in which the surface of the skin isremoved due to mechanical rubbing by a handpiece with an abrasiveelement that is often in the form of a burr, wheel, or disc. Thisprocess tends to be painful and messy. In fact, the procedure issometimes painful enough to require a local anesthetic. Dermabrasionleaves the skin red and raw-looking. The removed skin can take severalmonths to regrow and heal. Recent efforts have led to the use of lasersinstead of abrasive elements, which have resulted in less bleeding, butthe pain and mess remains.

Efforts have been made to decrease the mess caused by the process waste,such as removed skin and blood, by adding a suction element. As theprocess waste is drawn into the suction opening, skin that has not beenremoved is also pulled against the grit surrounding the suction opening,so the procedure remains fairly messy due to the abrasion that takesplace outside of the handpiece by the grit.

Microdermabrasion refers generally to a procedure in which the surfaceof the skin is removed due to mechanical rubbing by a handpiece emittinga stream of sand or grit. For example, a handpiece can be used to directan air flow containing tiny crystals of aluminum oxide, sodium chloride,or sodium bicarbonate. The momentum of the grit tends to wear away twoto three cell layers of the skin with each pass of the handpiece.Alternatively, new “crystal-free” microdermabrasion techniques utilize adiamond-tipped handpiece without a stream of grit.

Efforts to add a suction element have been more successful inmicrodermabrasion than in dermabrasion because the handpiece applyingthe stream of grit is more controllable to a localized area. That is, asthe removed skin is drawn into the suction opening, skin that has notbeen removed is also pulled towards the handpiece where it is treatedwith the grit stream, allowing for simultaneous local treatment andsuction.

Microdermabrasion removes moisture from the skin, so the procedure isalways followed by the application of moisturizing creams. However,similar to topical application of moisturizing creams prior tomicrodermabrasion, the moisturizing elements only work as deep as theactive ingredients can passively migrate through the remainingepidermis.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In some embodiments, an apparatus for treating skin has a console with auser input device and a handpiece assembly. The handpiece assembly isconfigured to treat skin. A fluid line provides fluid communicationbetween the console and the handpiece assembly. A manifold system iscoupled to the console and controlled by the user input device, such asa computer, touchscreen, keyboard, and the like. The manifold system isconfigured to hold releasably a plurality of fluid sources and deliverfluid from at least one of the plurality of fluid sources to thehandpiece assembly.

In some embodiments, a tip comprising a skirt portion is configured tocouple to a handpiece for treating a target area on a patient's skin. Acentral body portion is coupled to the skirt portion. A first passageextends through the central body portion and is configured to receive afluid from the handpiece. At least one second passageway extendingthrough the central body portion and is configured to convey the fluidback into the handpiece. An inner member extends in a generally spiralfashion across at least a portion of a distal face of the central bodyportion. The inner member defines a channel between the first passageand the at least one second passage. When the tip is place against theskin, a chamber can be formed by the channel and the person's skin.

In some embodiments, a method of treating a target region on a patient'sskin comprises providing a tip including a first aperture and at leastone second aperture. At least one inner member on the surface of the tipdefines at least one channel between the first aperture and the at leastone second aperture. An outer member is disposed on the surface of thetip. The outer member engages the target with the tip. A treatment fluidflows distally through the first aperture region and through the atleast one channel. The treatment fluid flows proximally through the atleast one second aperture.

In some embodiments, a tip comprises a skirt portion configured tocouple to a handpiece for treating a target on a patient's skin. Acentral body portion is coupled to the skirt portion and includes amounting region substantially opposite the skirt portion. The mountingregion configured to receive a pad for treating the skin. A firstaperture extends through the skirt portion and the central body portionand configured to receive a fluid from the handpiece. At least onesecond aperture extending through the skirt portion and the central bodyportion and configured to convey the fluid back into the handpiece.

In some embodiments, a method of treating a target region of a patientcomprises providing a tip including a first aperture, at least onesecond aperture, and a distal end configured to receive a pad. In somevariations, the first pad is attached to the distal end. The tip isengaged with the target region.

In some embodiments, a manifold system comprises a body portionconfigured to receive releasably at least two bottles. The manifold isconfigured so that it can be coupled to a console. The console includesa handpiece for treating skin. At least one elongate member is incommunication with a pump and configured to extract a fluid from one ofthe at least two bottles. At least one switch is configured to permit orinhibit a flow of the fluid from one of the at least two bottles throughthe pump. In some variations, the elongate member is dimensioned to fitwithin one of at least two bottles to draw fluid out of the bottle.

In some embodiments, a method of treating a target region on a patient'sskin comprises engaging a tip with the patient's skin such that aneffective amount of skin is removed by the tip. In some variations, thetip is a dry tip. After removing an effective amount of skin, anothertip (e.g., a wet tip) engages the patient's skin such that an effectiveamount of skin is removed by the tip. In some variations, acid isdelivered out of the wet tip to facilitate skin removal. In somevariations, the wet tip includes a first aperture, at least one secondaperture, at least one inner member on the surface of the tip definingat least one channel between the first aperture and the at least onesecond aperture, and an outer member on the surface of the tip. In somevariations, treatment fluid flows outwardly along the channel. In somevariations, treatment fluid flows inwardly along the channel. In somevariations, the wet tip comprises an abrasive pad.

In some embodiments, a method of treating a target region on a patient'sskin comprises engaging a first skin treatment tip with the patient'sskin. A first material is delivered out of the first skin treatment tipto a target region. A second skin treatment tip engages the targetregion while the first material effectively facilitates exfoliation withthe second skin treatment tip. In some variations, the first materialcomprises an acid, hydrator, and combination thereof. In somevariations, the first skin treatment tip is configured to remove skin ata different rate than the second skin treatment tip. In some variations,the first skin treatment tip is configured to exfoliate at a higher ratethan the second skin treatment tip. In some variations, material isdelivered out of the second treatment tip to the target region of thepatient's skin.

The apparatus for treating skin can dispense treatment material that isheld in containers, such as bottles, bags, pouches, or other suitablestructures for holding and storing material. These containers can benon-refillable or refillable. The treatment material can be delivered bygravity feed, pumps, or suction devices. The manifold system can be usedto control fluid flow from a plurality of containers to one or morehandpieces.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Having thus summarized the general nature of the invention, certainpreferred embodiments and modifications thereof will become apparent tothose skilled in the art from the detailed description herein havingreference to the figures that follow.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a skin treatmentsystem.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of one embodiment of a handpiece assemblyfor use with the skin treatment system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2B is a side elevational view of the handpiece assembly of FIG. 2A.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the handpiece assemblyof FIG. 2B. The handpiece assembly is engaging a person's skin.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a handpieceassembly.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view of one embodiment of a tip that can becoupled to a main body of a handpiece assembly to treat a person's skin.

FIG. 5B is a top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5C illustrates a bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 5B taken along theline 5D-5D.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a tip in accordance with anotherembodiment.

FIG. 6B is a top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6C is a bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 6B taken along theline 6D-6D.

FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a tip in accordance with anotherembodiment.

FIG. 7B is a top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 7A.

FIG. 7C is a bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 7A.

FIG. 7D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 7B taken along theline 7D-7D.

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of a tip fortreating a person's skin.

FIG. 8B is a top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 8A.

FIG. 8C is a bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 8A.

FIG. 8D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 8B taken along theline 8D-8D.

FIG. 9A is a perspective view of still another embodiment of a tip thatcan be coupled to a main body of a handpiece assembly.

FIG. 9B is a top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 9A.

FIG. 9C is a bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 9A.

FIG. 9D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 9B taken along theline 9D-9D.

FIG. 10A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a tip fortreating a person's skin.

FIG. 10B is top elevational view of the tip of FIG. 10A.

FIG. 10C is bottom elevational view of the tip of FIG. 10A.

FIG. 10D is a cross-sectional view of the tip of FIG. 10B taken alongthe line 10D-10D.

FIG. 10E is a perspective exploded view of the tip of FIG. 10A, whereina pad is spaced from a tip main body.

FIGS. 11A-11E are cross-sectional views of inner members that can beused to exfoliate skin.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a bottle for use with the skintreatment system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a bottle spacedfrom an insertion tip assembly.

FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view of the bottle of FIG. 12A coupledwith the insertion tip assembly.

FIG. 14A is a cross-sectional view of a closure and a bottle.

FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view of the closure and bottle of FIG. 14Awhen assembled.

FIG. 15A is a perspective view of one embodiment of a manifold systemholding a plurality of bottles.

FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the manifold system of FIG. 15Ataken along the line 15B-15B of FIG. 15A.

FIG. 15C is a cross-sectional view of the manifold system of FIG. 15Ataken along the line 15C-15C of FIG. 15A.

FIG. 15D is a cross-sectional view of the manifold system of FIG. 15Cwherein the bottle has been removed.

FIG. 15E is a cross-sectional elevational view of the manifold system.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a skin treatmentsystem.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a fluid line of the skin treatmentsystem of FIG. 16 taken along the line 17-17.

FIG. 18 is a side elevational view of a handpiece assembly with aremovable cartridge.

FIG. 19 is a side elevational view of the handpiece assembly andremovable cartridge of FIG. 18, the cartridge is shown removed from thehandpiece assembly.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 illustrates a skin treatment system 10 that can be used toperform one or more treatments on a person's skin. The illustrated skintreatment system 10 includes a console 12 and a handpiece assembly 18connected to the console 12 via a line 20. A manifold system 24 cancontrol the flow of treatment material from containers 26 into andthrough the line 20. The treatment material can be discharged out of thehandpiece assembly 18 to treat a person's skin. The skin treatmentsystem 10 can be used at a hospital, health care physicality,residences, or any other suitable location.

As explained in more detail below, the handpiece assembly 18 is appliedto the target area of the patient to perform skin treatment(s). As usedherein, the term “skin treatment” is a broad term and includes, but isnot limited to, skin removal, skin abrasion (e.g., dermabrasion,microdermabrasion, etc.), ablating or slicing skin (preferably a thinlayer of skin), stimulation (including thermal, mechanical, electrical,and/or chemical stimulation), mesotherapy, isophoresis, light therapy,vacuum therapy, and the like. Preferably, the handpiece assembly 18administers a treatment material from at least one of the containers 26through the line 20 to the target area of the skin while the handpieceassembly 18 engages the skin.

As used herein, the term “treatment material” is a broad term andincludes, but is not limited to, medicament, a substance tending to flowor conform to the outline of its container such as fluid, gas, liquid(e.g., serums, water, saline, etc.), gel, fluidized material, additives,and/or a plurality of fine solids. The general term “fluid” is usedthroughout synonymously with the term “treatment material” and is to begiven the same broad definition. The handpiece assembly 18 canpreferably massage, abrade, ablate, or otherwise treat the target skinarea while also applying a treatment material to the patient. In certainembodiments, the treatment material and tip of the handpiece 18 can workin combination for an effective and rapid skin treatment. Additionally,any number of “dry” and “wet” tips can be used alone or in combinationfor treatment flexibility.

With continued reference to FIG. 1 the line 20 is configured to providefluid communication between the containers 26 and the handpiece assembly18. The line 20 can comprise one or more conduits extending between theconsole 12 and the handpiece assembly 18. In certain embodiments, theline 20 includes a supply line and a waste line for delivering andreturning material, respectively, as detailed below.

The distal end 22 of the line 20 is connected to the handpiece assembly18. Preferably, the line 20 includes a filter 28 that removescontaminants or impurities from the treatment material passing throughthe line 20. In other embodiments, the filter 28 is located in theconsole 12 or the manifold system 24. The console 12 can be connected toa power source such as an AC outlet. The power source can power thehandpiece assembly 18 and/or other components of the skin treatmentsystem 10, such as, for example, pumps, valves, and the like.

In the illustrated embodiment, the console 12 comprises four casters 33to allow for easy movement, for example, from one treatment room toanother treatment room. In such an embodiment, the console 12 can beconveniently rolled on a support surface. Other means of transportationcan also be employed or the console 12 can be stationary. In someembodiments, the console 12 is portable for convenient transport.

The illustrated containers 26 of FIG. 1 are preferably releasablycoupled to the manifold system 24. The manifold system 24 can delivertreatment material from the containers 26 to the line 20 as mentionedabove. In certain embodiments, the console 12 has a user input device 32for selecting a treatment material to be passed through the line 20 tothe handpiece assembly 18. During some skin treatment procedures,treatment materials from multiple containers 26 are sequentially orsimultaneously applied to the patient's skin during a “wet” mode ofoperation. Alternatively, the skin treatment system 10 can be used todeliver a single treatment material to the patient's skin. In someembodiments, the console 12 can be used for a “dry” mode of operation.That is, the console 12 can be used to exfoliate skin, for example,without delivering little or substantially no treatment fluid. The skintreatment system 10 can thus provide flexibility in selecting atreatment plan.

Multiple handpieces assemblies 18 and/or tips 34 can be used during asingle skin treatment procedure in a wet and/or dry mode of operation.For example, a first handpiece assembly 18 may be employed to treat apatient's face and neck while a second handpiece assembly 18 may beemployed to treat other larger areas of the patient's body. Thus,different handpieces 18 can be used to treat different regions of aperson's body. The configurations of the handpieces 18 and tips can beselected based on the treatment material to be applied, desiredinteraction with the patient's skin, size of treatment area, skincondition, and the like.

With reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the handpiece assembly 18 includes amain body 30 and a tip 34. The handpiece assembly 18 can be convenientlyheld within the hand of a user so that the user can place the tip 34 inoperative engagement with a person's skin. The user is typically anaesthetician (e.g., an aesthetician allowed to performmicrodermabrasion), doctor, and other medical personnel, such as aphysician assistant and nurse practitioner. In some cases, the user isthe person whose skin is being treated.

The main body 30 has contoured portions 70 at its distal end 36 so thatthe user can comfortably grip the handpiece assembly 18 during use. Themain body 30 can have other designs to provide a comfortable grip. FIG.2A illustrates an embodiment in which the main body 30 is substantiallyflat on two opposing sides. FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment in whichthe main body 30 is generally cylindrical.

As noted above, the tip 34 can be pressed against a patient's skin toperform a skin treatment. The distal end 102 of the tip 34 may be angledwith respect to the handpiece assembly 18 to increase the contact areawith the patient's skin without enlarging the handpiece assembly 18 foran ergonomic and comfortable design. The angled tip 34 can lay flat onthe skin while the main body 30 is angled to the skin. The angle betweenthe face of the distal end 102 and the longitudinal axis of thehandpiece assembly 18 can be selected based on the desired size of theface of the distal end 102. In alternative embodiments, the face of thedistal end 102 is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis ofthe main body 30.

The tip 34 can be permanently or temporarily coupled to the distal end36 of the main body 30. In some embodiments, the tip 34 is disposable.As used herein, the term “disposable,” when applied to a system orcomponent (or combination of components), such as a tip, container, orpad, is a broad term and means, without limitation, that the componentin question is used a finite number of times and then discarded. Somedisposable components are used only once and then discarded. Otherdisposable components are used more than once and then discarded. Insome embodiments, the tip 34 is removably coupled to the main body 30such that the tip may be removed from the main body 30 and thrown awayto avoid cross-contamination. In other embodiments, the tip 34 is areusable tip that can be cleaned, for example by autoclaving, after eachuse. The tip 34 can thus be used for any number of procedures asdesired.

With reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the proximal end 40 of the main body30 is operatively connected to the line 20. In the embodimentillustrated, the line 20 includes an output line 50 for removing wastefrom the handpiece assembly 18 and an input line 52 for deliveringtreatment material to the handpiece assembly 18. The proximal end 40 ofthe main body 30 includes a plurality of connectors 44, 46, eachconnected to one of the conduits 50, 52. The illustrated input line 52is connected to the connector 46, and the output line 50 is connected tothe connector 44.

The input line 52 delivers treatment material from at least one of thecontainers 26 to the connector 46. The fluid then flows through the mainbody 30 and ultimately to the tip 34. As shown in FIG. 3, the main body30 comprises a plurality of lumens 90, 92 in a fluid communication withthe tip 34. Fluid from the input line 52 can flow through the inputlumen 92 to the tip 34. The fluid then flows out of the tip 34 to atarget skin area. The fluid is then trapped in the space 100 between theskin 80 and the tip 34. To remove the fluid, the fluid flows proximallythrough the lumen 90 to the output line 50. The fluid passes through theoutput line 50 and into the console 12. As such, fluid can continuouslyor intermittently flow through the handpiece assembly 18.

To treat the person's skin 80, the handpiece assembly 18 can also bemoved relative to the skin 80 such that the tip 34 maintains engagementwith the skin 80. The illustrated tip 34 is configured to massage theskin 80 while also providing fluid communication with the skin 80. Asdetailed below in connection with FIGS. 5A through 10, the tip caninclude sharp planing blades, blades (e.g., razor blades), raised sharpareas, molded posts, grits, or other structures for treating skin, asdetailed below.

When the tip 34 and treatment material are used in combination, thehandpiece assembly 18 preferably exfoliates dead skin cells and extractsimpurities by applying a vacuum while simultaneously bathing the healthyunderlying skin with active treatment material. The active treatmentmaterial can facilitate cleansing, exfoliating, hydrating, and/orprovide residual antioxidant protection. The treatment material and tip34, alone or in combination, can effectively and rapidly treat thetarget skin area. The waste material, including the used treatmentmaterial, removed skin, and/or grit, can then be drawn back through thetip 34, the main body 30 via lumen 90, and into the connector 44. Thewaste then flows into the output line 50 for subsequent disposal, asdetailed below in connection with FIG. 4.

In some embodiments, including the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 3, thetip 34 has a tip connector 98 (see FIGS. 5C and 5D) that mates with thelumen 92. The tip 34 can provide fluid communication from the tipconnector 98 to the space 100 via a through-hole 122. One or morethrough-holes 114 define fluid passageways through the tip 34 betweenthe space 100 and the intermediate chamber 116.

The intermediate chamber 116 can be interposed between the through-holes114 and the lumen 90. The intermediate chamber 116 is preferably definedby the distal face 43 of the main body 30 and the proximal face 41 ofthe tip 34. The intermediate chamber 116 can provide equalization offluid between the tip 34 and the body 30. As such, a generally equalvacuum is applied to both through-holes 114. The fluid can flow throughthe through-holes 114, into the intermediate chamber 116, and then intothe lumen 90. In some embodiments, however, the fluid flows directlyfrom the through-holes 114 to the lumen 90 without passing through anintermediate chamber 116.

The tip 34 can have one or more sealing members to form a fluidic sealbetween the tip 34 and the main body 30. The illustrated main body 30includes a sealing member 47 that engages the inner surface of the skirt64 of the tip 34. The sealing member 47 can be a compliant membercomprising rubber, polymer, plastic, or other suitable material forforming seals. In some embodiments, the sealing member 47 is an O-ringmade of rubber.

With continued reference to FIG. 3, during use, treatment material canflow distally through the lumen 92 into the through-hole 122. Thetreatment material then proceeds through and out of the through-hole 122into the space 180. Preferably, the treatment material spreads radiallyoutward to the peripheral through-holes 114. The material can then flowthrough the through-holes 114 into the lumen 90 for subsequent removal.

In alternative embodiments, the fluid flows in the opposite direction.That is, the line 50 delivers fluid through the lumen 90 into the tip34. The fluid flows through the intermediate chamber 116 and thethrough-holes 114. The fluid then flows to the chamber 100 and inwardlythrough the tip connector 98 to the lumen 92. The fluid proceedsproximally along the lumen 92 and ultimately into the line 52.

In yet another embodiment, the handpiece assembly 18 comprises two ormore input lumens 90. Such a design allows mixing of two or moretreatment materials within the handpiece assembly 18 or space 100, whichwould be useful for treatments with fluids that react or are unstable ordegrade when stored or mixed.

As depicted in FIG. 4, the handpiece assembly 18 can optionally includea controller 60 that is configured to control the fluid flow out of thetip 34. The illustrated controller 60 can be operated to increase ordecrease the flow rate of treatment fluid out of the tip 34.Alternatively or additionally, the controller 60 may control the flowrate of waste fluid flowing through the handpiece assembly 18 to theoutput line 50. When control of the waste treatment fluid and wastefluid is independent, the detention time of the fluid in the tip 34 maybe adjusted as desired.

The illustrated controller 60 is a generally cylindrical body that ispivotally connected to the main body 30. FIG. 4 illustrates anembodiment in which the controller 60 is recessed into and partiallyhidden by the main body 30, although in other embodiments the controller60 may encircle the main body 30. The controller 60 may include texturedgrooves to provide for easier manipulation. In some embodiments, thecontroller 60 is located near the distal end 36 of the handpieceassembly 18 proximal or distal of the contoured portion 70. The type andconfiguration of the controller 60 can be selected based on the designof the handpiece assembly 18. The controller 60 can also be a rotatableknob or handle, digital controller, and the like.

The handpiece assembly 18 can also include one or more flow ratecontrollers within the main body 30 that cooperate with the controller60 to adjust the fluid flow out of the tip 34. For example, thecontroller 60 may comprise a flow control valve such as a globe valve,butterfly valve, needle valve, or variable orifice. Other types of flowrate controllers can also be used, such as an electrically controlledsolenoid valve. In embodiments where the fluid flow is electronicallycontrolled, the valve system may alternatively be located in the console12 or manifold system 24. Separate devices can also be used to controlthe flow of treatment material. For example, clamps, pinch valves, orother suitable devices can be used to control fluid flow through thelines 50, 52.

Various types of tips 34 can be used with the handpiece assemblies 18illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4. FIGS. 5A through 10E illustrateembodiments, for example, of tips 34 that can be used with thesehandpiece assemblies 18. These tips 34 can be interchangeable to providemaximum treatment flexibility.

As shown in FIGS. 5A through 10E, the tip 34 comprises the skirt 64 anda tip main body 66 extending outwardly therefrom. The skirt 64 ispreferably configured to provide a gripping surface suitable forapplying leverage or force sufficient to remove the tip 34 from the mainbody 30. In some embodiments, the skirt 64 includes internal threadssuch that it can be mechanically coupled to external threads on thedistal end 36 of the main body 30. In some embodiments, the tip 34 canbe press fit onto the main body 30. Frictional forces can retain the tip34 to the main body 30.

With respect to FIGS. 5A through 7, the tip 34 comprises an outer member120 and an inner member 124. The outer member 120 preferably defines theperiphery of the distal end 102 of the tip 34. When the tip 34 is placedagainst skin, the outer member 120 can inhibit fluid flow between thetip 34 and the skin and define the outer portion of the space 100.

The inner member 124 is preferably spaced from the outer member 120 todefine one or more channels. The illustrated outer member 120 defines acontinuous channel 140 that extends outwardly from the centralthrough-hole 122 towards at least one of the outer through-holes 114.The inner member 120 can form the sidewalls of the channel 140. Anysuitable configuration of channels 140 can be used to provide fluid flowalong a flow path. The illustrated channels 140 have a somewhat U-shapedaxial cross-sectional profile, as depicted in FIG. 8A. The channel 140can have a V-shaped, curved, or any other suitable cross sectionalprofile. A flow path between the through-holes in the tip 34 can bedefined at least in part by the channels.

The spiral-like pattern of the inner members 124 in FIGS. 5 through 7varies. For example, the inner member 124 in FIG. 5 extends about alongitudinal axis 143 of the tip 34 approximately one and a half times,the inner member 124 in FIG. 6 extends about the tip 34 approximatelytwo and a half times, and the inner member 124 in FIG. 7 rotates aboutthe tip 34 approximately one and three quarters times. In someembodiments, the inner member 124 subtends an angle of about 70°, 135°,180°, 210°, 225°, 270°, 315°, 360°, and angles encompassing such ranges.In yet other embodiments, the inner member 124 subtends an angle ofabout 405°, 450°, or 495°. The tightness of the spiral in combinationwith the location and number of through-holes 114 affects the detentiontime of the fluid in the channel 140. Generally, a tighter spiralresults in a longer the pathway (i.e., the length of the channel 140)from delivery through-hole 122 to the return through-holes 114. Fluidtraveling down the longer pathway is in contact with the person's skin80 for a longer period of time. Thus, tighter spirals lead to increasedcontact time between the fluid and the skin 80. These longer contacttimes can increase the effectiveness of the fluid because the skin canabsorb an adequate amount of active ingredients of the treatmentmaterial. Fluid retention time on the patient's skin can be increased toincrease hydration, serum retention, and the like. Shorter pathways canbe used to reduce contact time between the fluid and the patient's skin.In some embodiments, for example, the tip 34 of FIGS. 5A to 5D has arelatively short pathway to limit absorption of fluids, achieverelatively high flow rates, and the like.

Additionally, the inner members 124 can be configured to remove tissue.The inner member 124 can be an abrasive member designed to remove tissuewhen the inner member 124 slides along a person's skin. The user mayselect a tip 34 based on the appropriate detention time and abrasivenessfor the treatment being applied. For example, the tip 34 illustrated inFIG. 7 will provide less abrasion than the tip illustrated in FIG. 6,but the tip 34 illustrated in FIG. 7 will provide a longer detentiontime than the tip 34 illustrated in FIG. 5.

The illustrated tip 34 includes a generally continuous inner member 124that extends from near the through-hole 122 towards at least one of thethrough-holes 114. In other embodiments, the tip 34 can have a pluralityof inner members 124. For example, the inner members 124 can be linear,curved, and may be continuous or discontinuous.

The handpiece assembly 18 can be moved while the spiral-like innermember 124 engages the patient's skin. The movement of the handpieceassembly 18 can increase the effectiveness of the treatment materialexpelled out of the tip 34. In some embodiments, for example, the tip 34can be used with a lifting treatment material that facilitatesextractions of, for example, sebum, blackheads, skin, or othersubstances (e.g., oils, dead skin, etc.). The lifting treatmentextraction producer can unclog pores to improve the treated skin'soverall appearance. To facilitate extractions, the handpiece assembly 18can be twisted or rotated while the tip 34 is pressed against thepatient's skin. The twisting action and the lifting treatment materialcan work in combination for effective extractions. In alternativeembodiments, a handpiece assembly 18 can also be used without a liftingtreatment material for extractions by employing the twisting motion.

In certain embodiments, the spiral-like tip 34 massages the skin 80. Inother embodiments, the spiral-like tip 34 ablates the skin 80. Forexample, the inner members 124 may act as blades to cut thin layers fromthe skin 80 when the user twists the handpiece assembly 18. Twisting thehandpiece assembly 18 causes the tip 34 to rotate about the twistingaxis, rotating the sharp inner members 124 against the skin 80, whichcauses ablation. Thin layers of skin can thus be removed by thehandpiece assembly 18. Additionally or alternatively, the spiral-liketip 34 may plane along skin when a fluid is applied to the skin. Theplaning tip 34 can remove a thin layer of the skin (e.g., the stratumcorneum, preferably hydrated stratum corneum). Accordingly, the user canuse the handpiece assembly 18 to remove a particular amount of skin.

A vacuum can be applied by the handpiece assembly 18. For example, theconsole 12 can have a pump that applies a vacuum via the output line 52.The negative pressure draws waste material into the through-holes 114and out of the handpiece assembly 18. When the tip 34 engages thepatient's skin, the vacuum can draw the skin against the tip 34 toenhance the effectiveness of the inner members 124. The vacuum can beincreased or decreased to increase or decrease, respectively, forexample, frictional forces, depth of cutting, amount of abrasion, andthe like. To rapidly remove skin, a strong vacuum can be applied to theperson's skin so that the skin is pulled against the inner member 124.The vacuum can also facilitated removal of the waste fluid capturedbetween the tip 34 and the patient's skin. A vacuum can also be used incombination with the tips illustrated in FIGS. 1-10E. The vacuum canalso be varied based on the thickness, compliance, and other propertiesof the skin surface

The tip 34 can have any suitable number of through-holes 114, 122 toachieve the desired fluid flow between the skin 80 and the tip 34. Forexample, FIG. 5A to 5D illustrate an embodiment with two through-holes114. The number of through-holes 114, 122 can be chosen based on thecross-sectional areas of the through-holes 114, 122 and the expectedflow rate of the fluid through the channel 100. Preferably, one end ofthrough-holes 114 is positioned between the inner member 124 and theouter member 120. In some embodiments, including the embodimentsillustrated in FIGS. 5A through 7, the through-holes 114 are positionedgenerally midway between the outer member 120 and inner member 124.

The tips can also have one or more energy sources for delivering energyto the skin. Radiant energy, heat, and the like can be delivered to theskin by the tips. The tip 34 illustrated in FIGS. 6A to 6D has a pair ofenergy sources 151 in the form of LEDs. When the tip 34 is proximate thepatient's skin, the LEDs 151 can deliver a desired amount of energy tothe skin. The illustrated tip 34 has four LEDs; however, any number ofLEDs can be employed.

In alternative embodiments, the tips can carry deployable material. Thestructure 151 can be in the form of a cavity or pocket that contain andcarry material that is released when it engages the treatment fluid. Thematerial in the cavities 151 can be made of any of the treatmentmaterials disclosed herein, and can be in a solid form. For example, thecavities can hold lubricant or soap that is released when the tip isapplied to skin.

FIGS. 8A through 8D illustrate another embodiment of a tip 34 when theinner member 124 includes a ring with perforations 140 that providefluid communication between the through-hole 122 and through-holes 114.A space 100 can be defined between the inner member 124, perforations140, and outer member 120 when the tip 34 is in operative engagementwith the skin 80. FIG. 8C illustrates an embodiment with eightthrough-holes 114. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8A through 8D,the inner member 124 forms recessed regions 171, allowing for a largerarea of fluid contact with the skin 80 then the tips 34 illustrated inFIGS. 5 through 7.

FIGS. 9A through 9D illustrate another embodiment of a tip 34 comprisingan outer member 120 and an array of protruding inner members 124. Arecessed region 191 is defined between the inner members 124 and theouter member 120. The inner members 124 of FIGS. 9A to 9D can be poststhat are similar to the inner members described above. The post 124, forexample, can have relatively sharp edges. These edges can be used toremove skin. In some embodiments, the inner members 124 can haverelatively sharp planing blades. The tip 34 illustrated in FIGS. 9Athrough 9D allows for more freedom of movement of the treatment fluid.The protruding inner members 124 preferably abrade the skin differentlythan the tips 34 illustrated in FIGS. 5A through 8. Rather than beingable to ablate large sections of the skin 80 like a blade, as the tips34 in FIGS. 5A-8 can do in certain embodiments, the plurality ofprotruding inner members 124 can ablate or roughen a plurality ofsmaller sections of the skin 80.

The protruding member 124 can optionally contain treatment material. Forexample, the protruding members 124 can be generally cylindrical membershaving a passageway or chamber 127 that holds treatment material. Thus,fluid can be used in combination with treatment material coupled to thetip 34.

With reference to FIGS. 5A through 9, the inner member 124 preferablyhas a height from the distal surface that is generally less than theheight of the outer member 120. In some non-limiting embodiments, theheight of the inner member 124 is less than 90%, 70%, 60%, 50%, andranges encompassing such percentages of the height of the outer member120. However, in other embodiments, the inner member 124 has a heightthat is generally greater than the height of the outer member 120. Forexample, the inner member 124 can have a height that is 10%, 20%, 30%,40%, 50% greater than the height of the outer member 120. The innermember 124 can thus protrude from the tip 34. A skilled artisan canselect a desired height of the inner member 124 and/or the outer member120 to achieve the desired interaction with the person's skin 80.

FIGS. 10A through 10E illustrate another embodiment of a tip 34comprising an outer member 120 and a pad 128. FIG. 10E depicts the pad128 removed from the tip 34. The tip 34 preferably has a mountingsurface 227 that is surrounded by the outer member 120. The pad 128 canbe permanently or temporarily coupled to the mounting surface 227.

The pad 128 preferably has a distal surface 224 configured to treat aperson's skin. In some embodiments, the pad 128 is a disposable pad thatcomprises treatment material attached thereto. For example, the pad 128may comprise vitamins, moisturizers, antioxidants, and the like.Preferably, the pad 128 comprises an adhesive proximal side and a distalside 224 including an abrasive surface. The abrasive surface can havegrit, a plurality of members (e.g., members similar to the inner members124 described above), or the like. The pad 128 can be permanentlycoupled to the mating surface 227 so that the tip 34 can be used for anextended length of time, or for multiple treatments. In alternativeembodiments, the tip 34 is removable for maximum flexibility inselecting pad abrasiveness, and also allows the user to make changes tothe tip 34 without changing the tip 34 in its entirety. The grit ratingof abrasive surface of the distal surface 224 can be selected based onthe desired rate of skin removal.

The illustrated pad 128 is generally elliptical and planar. Inalternative embodiments, the pad 128 can be polygonal, circular, or haveany other shape as desired. The pad 128 can have cutouts 225 that canmatch the through-holes 114, 122. The cutouts 225 can be aligned withthe through-holes 114, 122 when the pad 128 is coupled to the mountingsurface 227 of the tip 34, as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D. The illustratedmounting surface 227 defines a plurality of tip flow channels 229extending between the through-holes 114, 122. When the tip 34 isassembled, fluid can flow along the channels 229 between the main body66 and the pad 128.

Various types of adhesives can be used to temporarily or permanentlycouple the pad 128 to the mounting surface 227. As used herein, the term“adhesive” is a broad term and includes, but is not limited to, couplingagents, glues, bonding materials, or the like. In some embodiments, forexample, waterproof pressure sensitive adhesives are used for releasablycoupling the pad 128 to the mounting surface 227. In some embodiments,the pad 128 can be permanently coupled to the mounting surface 227. Forexample, the pad 128 can be bonded or fused to the main body 66.Additionally or alternatively, snap fittings, fasteners, or othercoupling structures can be used to mount the pad 128.

The tip 34 described above can be used for wet or dry modes ofoperation. As such, the tip 34 can be used for wet exfoliation or dryexfoliation. In some embodiments, the tip 34 is used in a dry mode toremove a desired amount of skin. After removing a desired amount ofskin, the tip 34 can be used in a wet mode on the same or different areaof the patient's kin. During wet mode, fluid can be passed out of thetip 34 onto the patient's skin. The wet tip 34 can exfoliate, hydrate,and/or perform other types of treatments. Alternatively, the tip 34 canbe used in a wet mode and than a dry mode. The sequence of wet and drymodes of operation can be selected based on the type of tip, treatmentmaterial, skin condition, and the like.

Although the handpiece assemblies are primarily discussed with respectto use with treatment material, the handpiece assemblies can be usedwithout treatment material, i.e., the handpieces can be used in a dryprocedure. Dry procedures can be used for non-hydration procedures andmay require less post-procedure clean up.

Various fabrication techniques can be employed to make the tips 34 asmentioned above in connection with FIGS. 11A-11E. In some embodiments,the tips 34 are formed through a molding process, such as an injectionor compression molding process. The tips 34 of FIGS. 5A to 5D, forexample, can be monolithically formed through an injection moldingprocess. Alternatively, the tip 34 of can have a multi-piececonstruction, if desired. The tips 34 can be made of polymers, rubbers,metals, or other suitable materials.

The tips 34 can also be fabricated in a multi-step process. For example,the main body 66 and skirt 64 can be formed in a single process. Atextured surface (e.g., pad, inner members 124, etc.) can be applied tothe main body 66 in a subsequent process. The textured surface can beformed by cutting, embossing, adding material (e.g., a pad, adhesivegrit, etc.), a roughening implement, stamping process, or other suitabletexturing means.

The tips can have associated treatment materials, including, forexample, a medicament. As used herein, the term “medicament” is a broadterm and includes, without limitation, growth agents, growth factors orhormones, growth inhibitors, serums, treatment material, cleaners,vitamins, exfoliators, lubricants, or other substances that can be usedto treat a patient's skin. The medicament can be associated with the tip34 by imbedding, overlaying, coating, impregnation, co-mixing,absorption, or other suitable means for associating the medicament withthe tip 34. The medicament can be hardened so that it can furtherenhance massaging and/or abrasion. In some embodiments, the medicamentforms hardened grit that can be imbedded on the surface of the tip 34.The grit can work in combination with the inner members 124 to treat aperson's skin. If a fluid is used, the fluid can facilitate the releaseof the medicament from the tip 34. In some embodiments, the medicamentcomprises or more bioactive substances, such as antibiotics, substancesfor accelerating the healing of the wound, cell proliferation agents,and the like. Such bioactive substances may be desirable because theycontribute to the healing of damaged or removed skin, as well asreducing the likelihood of infection.

FIGS. 11A to 11E illustrate different cross-sections of inner membersthat can be used with the tips illustrated in FIGS. 1-10E. The innermember 124 of FIG. 11A has generally sharp tip 253 for removing tissue.The tip 253 can have any suitable configuration for removing tissue froma patient. FIG. 11B illustrates an inner member 124 that has a pair ofcutting edges 253 and a generally trapezoidal shape. FIG. 11Cillustrates an inner member 124 that has a surface treatment 255 fortreating a person's skin. The surface treatment 255 can be serrations,grooves, grit, roughed surface, protrusions, and the like. The type ofsurface treatment 255 can be selected based on the procedure to beperformed. FIG. 11D illustrates another inner member 124 having a pairof cutting edges 253. The cutting edges 253 are spaced from each otherand protrude outwardly. The central portion 257 is generally V-shaped;however, the central portion 257 can have other configurations. Forexample, FIG. 11E illustrates a central portion 257 that has a curved,semi-circular profile. In alternative embodiments, the inner member 124can have more than two cutting edges.

The inner members 124 of FIGS. 11A to 11E can be formed by a moldingprocess, such as an injection molding process. Additionally oralternatively, the inner members 124 can be formed by a machiningprocess. For example, at least a portion of the inner member 124 ofFIGS. 11D to 11E can be formed through a machining process. In someembodiments, the central portion 257 can be formed by cutting materialout of the inner member 124. The fabrication process (e.g., molding,injection molding, compression molding, machining, milling, etc.) can beselected based on the design of the inner members.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the console 12 includes a manifold system 24that holds containers 26 containing treatment fluids and/orantimicrobial agents. In a preferred embodiment, the console 12 holdsfour containers 26, three containing different treatment fluids and onecontaining an antimicrobial agent. In the illustrated embodiment, thelargest container 26 holds antimicrobial agent for cleaning andsanitizing the fluid lines of the console 12. The containers 26 can alsohold other suitable substances, such as surfactants, disinfectants,sanitizers, and the like, for cleaning and/or sanitizing the skintreatment system 10.

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 12A, the container 26 can be a fluid sourcesuch as a bottle comprising a body 262, a neck 264, and a closureassembly 266. The neck 264 includes a threaded neck finish and theclosure 266 includes a threaded interior surface, allowing it to screwonto the neck 264. The closure 266 can be permanently or temporarilycoupled to the neck 264. The illustrated bottle 26 is a non-refillable,disposable bottle. As used herein, the term “non-refillable” is a broadterm that includes, but is not limited to, components that cannot beeasily refilled with a treatment material. For example, the illustratednon-refillable bottle 26 cannot be refilled without substantialdifficulty.

Bodies 262 of the containers 26 may be formed by stretch blow molding apreform into the desired shape. In other embodiments, the body 262 and aneck 264 can be formed by extrusion blow molding. For example, thebottle of FIG. 13A can be formed by extrusion blow molding. Thecontainers 26 can be made of polymers, thermosets, thermoplasticmaterials such as polyesters (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET)),polyolefins, including polypropylene and polyethylene, polycarbonate,polyamides including nylons, epoxies, and/or acrylics. The material canbe virgin or post-consumer/recycled. However, other suitable materialsknown in the art can also be used.

In some embodiments, including the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 12and 12B, the closure 266 is welded (e.g., induction welded) to an upperedge 269 of the neck 264. A sealing member 267 can be interposed betweenthe upper edge of the neck 269 and the closure 266. In some embodiments,the sealing member 267 is made out of a conductive metal, such asaluminum, that preferably does not react with the fluid in the bottle26. In other embodiments, the seal 267 comprises plastic, such ascellophane, polypropylene, or other suitable material, preferablysuitable for coupling to the closure 266 and upper edge 269. In someembodiments, the sealing member 267 comprises metal that is at leastpartially coated with a polymer, such as polypropylene. Inductionwelding can be used to couple the polypropylene to the closure 266 andneck 264, both of which can also comprise polypropylene.

FIG. 14A illustrates another embodiment of a bottle 26. The closure 266includes locking members 268 that engage the neck 264, but do not allowremoval of the closure 266 from the bottle 26 when assembled, as shownin FIG. 13B. The locking closure 266 may include a sealing member 267,for example as described above.

In either of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 12 through 14B, theclosure 266 may then be sealed with a second closure (not shown),creating multi-piece closures. For example, a screw cap can be threadedonto the external threads 273 at the top end of the closure 266. Inthese embodiments, the treatment fluid inside the bottle 26 may beaccessed by puncturing or otherwise breaking the seal 267, for examplewith an insertion tip assembly 59 (see FIG. 13A).

The insertion tip assembly 59 has an elongate member 161 that comprisesa fluid pick up conduit 62 and lancing tip 64 extending from the distalend of the conduit 62. In the illustrated embodiment, the lancing tip 64is a tubular member having a somewhat sharp distal end. To accesstreatment fluid in the bottle 26, the lancing tip 64 can be insertedinto the closure passageway 73 of the closure 266. The lancing tip 64can be advanced through the passageway 73 until it breaks the sealingmember 267. The elongate member 161 can be sufficiently rigid such thatit can break the sealing member 267 without buckling. The elongatemember 161 can comprise metal, polymers, plastics, or any suitablematerial.

The fluid pick up conduit 62 and lancing tip 64 can be slid through thepassageway 73 until the stop 91 is spaced from the upper edge of theclosure 266. In alternative embodiments, the insertion tip assembly 59can be slid through the passageway 73 until the stop 91 contacts theupper edge of the closure 266, as shown in FIG. 12B. After the insertiontip assembly 59 and bottle 26 are assembled, as shown in FIG. 12B, thetreatment material can be draw upwardly through the lancing tip 64 andthe fluid pick up conduit 62. The treatment material can flow through apassageway of the insertion tip assembly 59 and to the manifold assembly24.

In certain embodiments, the treatment fluid applied from the containers26 may be selected from the console 12 for a particular treatment orskin type. In one embodiment, the treatment fluid may comprise a skinrejuvenation serum. Skin rejuvenation serum cleans the skin 80 deeplywhile softening sebum and impurities to aid in extractions. Skinrejuvenation serum also assists in dislodging dead cells for extractionand exfoliation by the tip 34 as well as providing residual hydrationthat aids in firming and smoothing fine lines, resulting in clean,refined, and ultra-moisturized skin 80. Preferably, a skin rejuvenationtreatment serum is Active-4™, available from Edge Systems Corp., 2277Redondo Ave., Signal Hill, Calif., 90755, (800) 603-4996. In anotherembodiment, the treatment fluid may comprise a salicylic acid serum. Asalicylic acid serum cleans oily skin deeply while softening sebum andimpurities to aid in extraction and exfoliation by the tip 34. Hydrationadditives in the salicylic acid serum create an ultra-moisturized skinsurface, and is blended to remain on the face for the best possiblebenefit. Preferably, a salicylic acid treatment fluid is Beta-hd™, alsoavailable from Edge Systems Corp. In yet another embodiment, thetreatment fluid may comprise antioxidants. The antioxidant serum is ahybrid that combats free radicals and environmental damage to the cells.The antioxidant serum is formulated with a blend of the most effectiveantioxidant ingredients. The antioxidant serum is an absorbable,leave-on service that improves the appearance of age signs as well astexture and clarity. Preferably, an antioxidant treatment fluid isAntiox-6™, also available from Edge Systems Corp. The treatment fluidsmay comprise agents known to be beneficial to skin healing and/orhydration including but not limited to glucosamine, laminaria digitataextract, yeast extract, carbamide, lactic acid, sodium lactate, honeyextract, pentylene glycol, spirea ulmaria extract, camellia sinensisleaf (white tea) extract, horse chestnut extract, stabilized vitamins A,B1, B6, B12, C, and E, tocopherol, inositol, calcium panthothenate,linoleic acid, rosemarinus officinalis extract, biotin, and aloins suchas anthraquinone gycosides, polysaccharides, sterols, gelonins, andchromones.

A single treatment may comprise the serial use of several treatmentfluids from the containers 26. For example, the treatment of acne proneskin may comprise salicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment,the treatment of aging skin may comprise skin rejuvenator treatmentfollowed by salicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment, thetreatment of congestion (e.g., blackheads) may comprise skin rejuvenatortreatment followed by salicylic treatment followed by antioxidanttreatment, the treatment of damaged skin (e.g., due to medication orsmoking) may comprise skin rejuvenator treatment followed by antioxidanttreatment, the treatment of skin may comprise skin rejuvenator treatmentfollowed by salicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment, thetreatment of hyperpigmentation may comprise skin rejuvenator treatmentfollowed by salicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment, thetreatment of melasma may comprise skin rejuvenator treatment followed bysalicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment, the treatment ofsensitive skin may comprise skin rejuvenator treatment followed byantioxidant treatment, and the treatment of thin skin may comprisesalicylic treatment followed by antioxidant treatment. Alternatively, asingle treatment may comprise the parallel use of a combination oftreatment fluids from the containers 26, for example using a handpiecewith a plurality of input lumens 90 as described above. Treatment timewith each treatment fluid is preferably about 2 to 20 minutes, but maybe longer or shorter depending on the patient, the tip 34 used, and thetreatment itself.

The treatment materials can be used for acne (e.g., by removing oils,bacteria, etc.), melasma, damaged skin (e.g., sun damaged skin, burns,free radical damage, etc.), extractions, skin lightening and/orbrightening, skin lines (e.g., fine lines, wrinkles, creases, etc.), dryskin, and the like. The treatment materials can improve skin elasticityand overall health of the skin. For example, if the skin is damaged,antioxidants can be applied to damaged area. Accordingly, the skintreatment system 10 can be used to improve the health, appearance,and/or function of a person's skin.

Additionally, the line 20 may be periodically flushed with a fluid(e.g., a antimicrobial fluid, water, etc.) contained in one of thecontainers 26. Antimicrobial fluids can contain any disinfecting agentcompatible with skin including, but not limited to, butylene glycol,phenoxyethanol, and methyl isothiazolinone. Preferably, an antimicrobialfluid is Rinseaway™, available from Edge Systems Corp. The line 20should be flushed with antimicrobial fluid at least at the end of eachservice day. Flushing with antimicrobial fluid is more important whenthe system is not used for consecutive days.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the console 12 comprises the manifold system24 designed to draw treatment fluid from at least one of the containers26 based on user selection. The manifold system 24 may include switches29, each corresponding to one of the bottles. The switches 29 can beused to control fluid flow from the containers 26. The illustratedswitches 29 can be used to turn Off/On to permit or prevent fluid flowfrom the bottles 26. The illustrated manifold system 24 has a switchcorresponding to each bottle 26. As such, the switches can be used toindependently control fluid flow from each of the bottles 26. In otherembodiments, a single switch can be used to control the flow oftreatment fluid from more than one of the bottles 26.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, the button 246 can be operated torelease a corresponding bottle 26 from the manifold system 24. FIG. 15Ais front perspective view an embodiment in which the manifold system 24contains quick-release locks connected to the button 246, wherein thequick-release locks capture the containers 26. As illustrated in FIGS.14B and 14C, the quick-release locks 242 engage the closure 266 when thebottle 26 is inserted into the manifold system 24. When thequick-release lock 242 is manually engaged by a user, for example bypulling the button 246, a slide structure 249 surrounding the closure266 releases, thereby releasing the bottle 26 from the manifold system24.

FIG. 15E illustrates the slide structure 249 holding the neck 264 of thebottle 26 in an elongated slot 309. The button 246 can be pushedinwardly (indicated by the arrow 313) so that the neck 264 is positionedwithin the enlarged aperture 317. The bottle 26 can then slidedownwardly out of the manifold system 24. The bottle 26 can be replacedwith another bottle 26.

To couple the bottle 26 to the manifold system 24, the closure 266 canbe inserted through the aperture 317 of the slide structure 249 when thebutton 246 is pushed in. Once the closure 266 engages the stop surface333 (FIG. 15C), the spring 247 can push the slide structure 249 untilthe flange 335 of the bottle 26 rests on the slide structure 249, asshown in FIG. 15C. In such a position, the manifold system 24 securelyholds the bottle 26. The illustrated slide structure 249 has a slopedportion 269 that can cam along the flange 335 as the button 246 movesoutwardly. Accordingly, the slide member 249 can push the closure 266upwardly until the closure 266 is locked with the manifold 24, as shownin FIG. 15C. The quick-release lock 242 is loaded with spring 247 suchthat the slide structure 249 is biased towards the button 246.

The manifold system 24 can have a modular design so that it can beremoved from the console 12. In some embodiments, the manifold system 24and associated containers 26 can be removed and transported away fromthe console 12. Accordingly, the modular manifold systems can beinterchanged to provide treatment flexibility. Alternatively, themanifold system 24 can be permanently mounted to the console 12.

FIGS. 15B and 15C illustrate cross-sectional views of the manifoldsystem 24 taken along lines 15B-15B and lines 15C-15C, respectively.Both FIGS. 15B and 15C show the fluid pick up conduit 62 in operativeengagement with the bottle 26 through the seal 267. Suction device(s) ispreferably in fluid communication with the fluid pick up conduit 62, anddraws fluid out of the bottle 26 through the fluid pick up conduit 62.The fluid can flow through a passageway 161 (see FIG. 15C) extendingthrough the pick up conduit 62. The fluid can flow to and through thelumen 171 towards the line 20. If the switch 29 is off, the fluid fromone or more of the upstream bottles can flow along the passage 173. Themanifold system 24 then directs the fluid into the line 20.

In certain embodiments, including the embodiment of FIG. 1, the console12 comprises a computer with display 32. In one embodiment, the display32 is a user input device comprising a touch screen that controls thecomputer. In other embodiments, the computer may be controlled by inputdevices such as a keyboard, keypad, mouse, pointing device, or otherinput device. The computer controls a variety of functions in theconsole 12. For example, the computer may control the manifold system24, and thereby the flow of treatment fluids from the containers 26. Inone embodiment, the fluid flowing through the line 20 can be changed bypressing a single button on the touch screen display 32. In anotherembodiment, the computer contains teaching tutorials that are exhibitedon the display 32. In yet another embodiment, the user may changeprogram chips within the computer according to treatment and/or patient.In still another embodiment, the computer records patient and treatmentdata, for example data gathered during treatment.

The console 12 can also comprise a mechanical system for controllingfluid flow from the containers to the handpiece. One or more pumps,valves, fluid lines, and the like can cooperate to deliver fluid fromthe containers to the handpiece. The console 12 can be poweredpneumatically, electrically, or by any other suitable powering means.The mechanically drive console 12 can have manual controls forcontrolling fluid flow to the handpiece.

The console 12 can also comprise additional handpieces suitable forother types of skin treatment. These additional handpieces can be usedfor pre-treatment or post-treatment in combination with othermodalities. For example, the console 12 may include a handpiece fordiamond tip abrasion, or “crystal-free” microdermabrasion, as describedabove. Such a handpiece may be useful for more aggressive treatments, inaddition to treatment with the handpiece assembly 18. The diamond tipscan range from fine to extra coarse.

In some embodiments, the console 12 comprises a handpiece including atleast one light emitting diode (LED). Light therapy has been shown toimprove skin. For example, red light between about 600 and about 700nanometers and infrared LED light between about 700 and about 1,000nanometers reduces the appearance of fine lines and superficialhyperpigmentation. For another example, blue LED light at about 430nanometers improves the appearance of oily and acne-prone skin. Otherbenefits of light therapy include promotion of collagen production,increased circulation and moisture retention, smoothing of skin texture,and improvement of skin firmness and resilience.

The console 12 can comprise handpieces for vacuum therapy such aslymphatic drainage and cellulite massage. Vacuum therapy enhances theeffects of treatment with the handpiece assembly 18 and LED lighttherapy. Preferably, the vacuum therapy handpieces are sizedappropriately for facial massage and body massage. An example of amulti-modality protocol using a plurality of handpieces comprisesdiamond tip abrasion, treatment with handpiece assembly 18 and at leastone treatment fluid from containers 26, vacuum therapy, red lighttherapy, and application of sunscreen, for example at a minimum skinprotection factor (SPF) of 15. The various modalities may be includedand ordered by the user depending on the desired outcome of the overalltreatment.

The console 12 optionally includes any of a plurality of additionalfeatures. For example, a digital camera may be used to take pictures ofthe patient before and after treatment, and the pictures may be storedon the computer. The computer may hold client medical and treatmentrecords. The computer may be connected to a network. The console 12 maystore disks. The console 12 may include an ultrasound unit. The console12 may include a stimulator, such as an electrical stimulator. Theconsole 12 may include an iontophoresis handpiece. The number ofadditional features is limitless when considering the range of featuresthat a user may wish to incorporate with the treatment provided by thehandpiece assembly 18.

FIG. 16 depicts another embodiment of the skin treatment system 10,which may be generally similar to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1,except as further detailed below. Where possible, similar elements areidentified with identical reference numerals in the depiction of theembodiment of FIG. 1.

The line 20 includes an output line 50 for removing waste from thehandpiece assembly 18 and an input line 52 for delivering treatmentmaterial to the handpiece assembly 18. A valve 300 can be disposed alongthe input line 52 to inhibit backflow of treatment material. The console12 can pump treatment material through the input line 52 to thehandpiece assembly 18 when the handpiece assembly 18 is applied to theperson's skin, as detailed above. The fluid flow through the input line52 can be reduced or stopped so that the handpiece assembly 18 can beremoved from the patient's skin. The valve 300 can inhibit the flow offluid through the input line 52 towards the console 12. A desired amountof treatment material can therefore be contained in the handpieceassembly 18 and the section 310 of the input tubing 52 extending betweenthe valve 300 and the handpiece assembly 18. When the handpiece assembly18 is applied to a patient's skin, a vacuum can be applied to the outputline 50. The vacuum can draw the treatment material out of the handpieceassembly 18 without a substantial or noticeable delay.

In some embodiments, the valve 300 can be a one-way valve, such as aduckbill valve, check valve, or other type of valve for inhibiting fluidflow. In alternative embodiments, the valve 300 can comprises aplurality of valves (e.g., one-way valves, flow regulators, adjustablevalves, etc.).

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the line 20. The input and outputlines 50, 52 can have different or similar cross sectional flow areas.The illustrated output line 50 has a passageway 312 with a diameter thatthat is less than the diameter of a passageway 314 of the input line 52.Accordingly, a relatively large slug of treatment material can be storedin the section 310 extending distally from the valve 300 to thehandpiece assembly 18. The slug can be quickly delivered out of thehandpiece assembly 18 once the handpiece assembly is applied to apatient's skin as detailed above.

In some embodiments, the section 310 of the output line 50 has a lengthL greater than 6 inches, 12 inches, 18 inches, 24 inches, and rangesencompassing such lengths. In some embodiments, the section 310 of theoutput line 50 has a length L greater than 24 inches, 30 inches, 36inches, and ranges encompassing such lengths. The passageway 312 canhave a cross-sectional area that is at least 10%, 30%, 50%, 75%, or 100%greater than the cross-sectional area of the passageway 314. The lengthL and the diameters of the passageways 312, 314 can be selected based onthe desired amount of treatment material to be stored in the line 20,delivery and removal rates.

FIGS. 18 and 19 illustrate a modular handpiece assembly 360 having acartridge 362 containing treatment material. The illustrated handpieceassembly 360 can be used to deliver treatment material from thecartridge 362. The main body 30 can have a pump for pressuring thetreatment material. In one embodiment, the fluid control device includesa power supply, such as a battery, which provides power to electricalcomponents (e.g., pumps or valves) of the handpiece assembly 360. Thepower supply can be a battery that is preferably disposed within themain body 30 of the handpiece assembly 360. In one arrangement, thebattery is a rechargeable battery that can be connected to and rechargedby an AC power supply, such as a typical residential electrical outlet.Alternatively, the handpiece assembly 360 can be directly powered by anAC power supply. The power supply can provide power to severalcomponents of the handpiece assembly 360. For example, the power supplycan provide power to a plurality of fluid control devices 330 and/or aflow control unit. A control switch 371 can be used to turn thehandpiece assembly 360 Off/On and/or control the output of the handpieceassembly 360.

In operation, the cartridge 362 can be inserted into the main body 30.The handpiece assembly 360 can be applied to a patient's skin to delivertreatment material from the cartridge 362 to the patient's skin. Afterdelivering a desired amount of treatment material, the cartridge 362 canbe separated from the main body 30. The cartridge 362 can be a one-useor multi-use cartridge. For example, the cartridge can be anon-refillable disposable cartridge.

The tip 34 can also be used to remove hair or perform other skintreatments. For example, the tip 34 can include one or more razor bladesand may be configured to apply a treatment material (e.g., antioxidents,vitamins, serums, growth agents, etc.) to the skin during the shavingprocess. In such embodiments, the main body 30 can be an elongatedhandle that is connected to a transversely extending elongate tip 34. Insome embodiments, the handpiece assembly can be in the form of adisposable handheld razor. The treatment material can reduce orsubstantially eliminate problems associated with wet or dry shavingsystems. These treatment materials may be applied prior to, during,before, and/or after shaving.

The articles disclosed herein may be formed through any suitable means.The various methods and techniques described above provide a number ofways to carry out the invention. Of course, it is to be understood thatnot necessarily all objectives or advantages described may be achievedin accordance with any particular embodiment described herein. Thus, forexample, those skilled in the art will recognize that the methods may beperformed in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or groupof advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving otherobjectives or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

Furthermore, the skilled artisan will recognize the interchangeabilityof various features from different embodiments disclosed herein.Similarly, the various features and steps discussed above, as well asother known equivalents for each such feature or step, can be mixed andmatched by one of ordinary skill in this art to perform methods inaccordance with principles described herein. Additionally, the methodswhich are described and illustrated herein are not limited to the exactsequence of acts described, nor are they necessarily limited to thepractice of all of the acts set forth. Other sequences of events oracts, or less than all of the events, or simultaneous occurrence of theevents, may be utilized in practicing the embodiments of the invention.

Although the invention has been disclosed in the context of certainembodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in theart that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosedembodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses and obviousmodifications and equivalents thereof. Accordingly, it is not intendedthat the invention be limited, except as by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of extracting substances from a skinsurface of a subject, comprising: securing a tip along a distal end of ahandpiece, wherein the tip comprises a periphery and an inner memberpositioned within the periphery, the inner member comprising a curvedportion, the curved portion comprising a spiral shape, wherein a radiusof curvature of the inner member increases along at least a portion ofthe curved portion, the handpiece comprising a vacuum passage, whereinthe vacuum passage is in fluid communication with a vacuum source andthe tip when the tip is secured to the handpiece; activating the vacuumsource to create suction within the vacuum passage to contact theperiphery of the tip with the skin surface and to draw the skin surfacetoward the tip; positioning the tip along the skin of the subject,wherein the suction along the tip helps draw a portion of the subject'sskin toward the tip; and applying a lifting treatment material to thesubject's skin surface, wherein the lifting treatment materialfacilitates extraction of substances from the skin; and at leastpartially twisting the handpiece while the vacuum source is activatedand while the subject's skin is drawn toward the tip using the suctioncreated by the vacuum source and the tip is positioned against thesubject's skin; wherein at least partially twisting the handpiece helpsextract substances from skin, wherein the extracted substances compriseat least one of blackheads, sebum and oil.
 2. The method of claim 1,wherein the lifting treatment material comprises an acid.
 3. The methodof claim 1, wherein the lifting treatment material comprises salicylicacid.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the lifting treatment materialis delivered to the tip via a fluid passage of the handpiece.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising pressing the tip against the skinsurface of the subject to facilitate the extraction of substances fromskin.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least partiallyabrading the skin surface.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprisingapplying at least one follow-up treatment material to the subject'sskin.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the follow-up treatment materialcomprises at least one of the following: an antioxidant, abacteria-targeting material and a growth factor.
 9. A method ofextracting substances from a skin surface of a subject, comprising:positioning a tip of a handpiece along the skin of the subject, whereinthe handpiece comprises a suction passage, wherein the suction passageis configured to be placed in fluid communication with a suction source,wherein the tip comprises at least one inner member comprising a aspiral shape, wherein a radius of curvature of the at least one innermember increases along at least a portion of the spiral shape;activating the suction source to create suction within the suctionpassage and to help draw the subject's skin surface toward the tip; andat least partially twisting the handpiece while the tip is positionedagainst the subject's skin and while the suction source is activated,wherein at least partially twisting the handpiece helps extractundesirable substances from the skin, wherein the extracted substancescomprise at least one of blackheads, sebum and oil.
 10. The method ofclaim 9, further comprising applying a lifting treatment material to thesubject's skin surface, wherein the lifting treatment materialfacilitates extraction of undesirable substances from skin.
 11. Themethod of claim 10, wherein the lifting treatment material comprisessalicylic acid or another acid.
 12. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising at least partially abrading and/or massaging the skinsurface.
 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising applying at leastone follow-up treatment material to the subject's skin.
 14. A method ofextracting substances from a skin surface of a subject, comprising:applying a lifting treatment material to the subject's skin surface,wherein the lifting treatment material facilitates extraction ofsubstances from skin; positioning a tip of a handpiece along the skin ofthe subject, wherein the handpiece comprises a suction passage, whereinthe suction passage is configured to be placed in fluid communicationwith a suction source, the tip comprising an inner member, wherein atleast a portion of the inner member comprises a spiral shape with avarying radius of curvature; activating the suction source to createsuction within the suction passage and to help draw the subject's skinsurface toward the tip; and at least partially twisting the handpiecewhile the tip is positioned against the subject's skin and while thesuction source is activated, wherein at least partially twisting thehandpiece helps extract substances from skin; wherein the substancesextracted from skin comprise at least one of blackheads, sebum and oil.